Sex‐based outcomes in type I thyroplasty for nonparalytic glottic incompetence

Objective Clinical outcomes for type I Gore‐Tex thyroplasty (GMT) for nonparalytic glottic incompetence (GI) have been reported in the literature. Given differences in male and female laryngeal anatomy, sex‐based outcomes should also be evaluated. We endeavored to evaluate sex‐specific post‐GMT voice outcomes. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing GMT for nonparalytic GI. Multidimensional voice outcome measures including voice‐related quality of life (VRQOL), Glottal Function Index (GFI), and grade/roughness/breathiness/asthenia/strain (GRBAS) were analyzed at postoperative time frames: 0 to 3 months, 3 to 9 months, and 9 to 18 months. Results Eighty‐five subjects (43 females, 42 males) with mean age 53.5 undergoing GMT for nonparalytic GI from 2005 to 2017 met inclusion criteria. Etiologies included vocal fold hypomobility (N = 36, 42%), paresis (N = 18, 21%), vocal fold atrophy (N = 17, 20%), and scarring (N = 14, 17%). Females had significantly greater improvement on VRQOL at 0 to 3 months and 9 to 18 months timeframes compared to males, with mean change in VRQOL: 41.3 versus 22.4 (P = 0.0002) and 42.5 versus 20.8 (P = 0.002), respectively. Similarly, women had significantly greater improvement in GFI at 0 to 3 months follow‐up (mean difference − 10.8 vs. −4.9, respectively, P = 0.0002). There was no statistically significant sex difference in GRBAS at any follow‐up interval. Conclusion Following GMT, females had greater improvement in patient‐reported voice outcomes in the early postoperative period. No significant difference between sexes was noted in perceptual measures (GRBAS). Sex‐specific outcomes should be evaluated for clinical interventions to improve specificity of preoperative counseling. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope, 129:2543–2548, 2019