Genetic alterations of driver genes as independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer

•Driver genes give a selective growth advantage to tumor cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.•Gene alterations detected in 138 cancer-related genes listed in Vogelstein et al. were evaluated as driver gene alterations.•The driver gene alteration status may be an independent prognostic factor of postoperative relapse-free survival in NSCLC. This study assessed the associations between the molecular signatures and clinical information in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with postoperative disease-free survival (p-dfs) to identify novel prognostic factors, focusing on associations with driver gene alterations. Between February 2014 and September 2015, 242 patients with NSCLC, including 192 patients with adenocarcinoma (Ad) and 50 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (Sq), underwent surgery and were enrolled in this study. Surgically resected tissues were subjected to whole exome sequencing. Mt detected in 138 cancer-related genes were evaluated as driver mutations. A multivariate analysis using the multi-state model was used to establish the associations between co-variables and p-dfs. Postoperative recurrence (p-rec) was observed in 49 (20.2%) and 19 (7.9%) patients with Ad and Sq, respectively. The median (range) follow-up period for all the censored cases was 2.5 (2.0–3.5) years. The characteristics of the patients with postoperative recurrence were as follows: median age (range), 71 (50–87) years; male, 38 (56%); smoker, 51 (75%); p-stage (I/II/III), 30 (44%)/19 (28%)/19 (28%); histological type (Ad/Sq), 49 (72%)/19 (28%); adjuvant chemotherapy (yes/no), 30 (44%)/38 (56%); and driver gene alteration (presence/absence), 65 (96%)/3 (4%). In univariate analyses, age (