The association between vascular complications during pregnancy in women with Type 1 diabetes and congenital malformations

Aims To assess the association between vascular complications of diabetes and the risk of congenital malformations in pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes. Methods We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study in women with Type 1 diabetes who received care consecutively from three tertiary care diabetes‐in‐pregnancy clinics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between vascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy and pre‐existing hypertension) and congenital malformations in offspring of women with Type 1 diabetes. Results Of 232 women with Type 1 diabetes, 49 (21%) had at least one vascular complication and there were 52 babies with congenital malformations. Maternal age (31.8 ± 5.0 vs. 29.4 ± 4.7 years, P