Acyl-ghrelin mediated lipid retention and inflammation in obesity-related Type 2 diabetes

Acyl-ghrelin has various peripheral effects including the potential role in mediating cellular lipid removal and macrophage polarization. Previous reports are contradictory as to how glycaemia and acyl-ghrelin mediates lipid retention and inflammation within individuals with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). O...

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Veröffentlicht in:Molecular and cellular endocrinology 2019-02, Vol.481, p.8-13
Hauptverfasser: Churm, R., Caplin, S., Barry, J., Davies, J.S., Stephens, J.W., Prior, S.L.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Acyl-ghrelin has various peripheral effects including the potential role in mediating cellular lipid removal and macrophage polarization. Previous reports are contradictory as to how glycaemia and acyl-ghrelin mediates lipid retention and inflammation within individuals with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to explore acyl-ghrelin levels and ghrelin expression in relation to lipid and inflammatory markers within an ex vivo human model, biopsied visceral adipose tissue. Results indicated that acyl-ghrelin was associated with a decline in key lipid homeostasis genes ABCG1 and LXRβ expression. Within T2D there was also a down regulation of these genes which was independent of acyl-ghrelin levels. Circulatory pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNFα) had no association with ghrelin expression nor circulating acyl-ghrelin levels. Anti-inflammatory marker (IL-10) and total antioxidant status (TAOS%) were positively associated with ghrelin expression across samples from all groups combined (total sample cohort) and specifically within the obesity sample cohorts. Data supported the hypothesis that hyperglycaemia and acyl-ghrelin have a regulatory role in lipid retention. Furthermore, that both acyl- and desacyl-ghrelin is responsible for a protective inflammatory response; however this response is diminished in T2D. •Hyperglycaemia and acyl-ghrelin have a role in the mediation of lipid retention.•Total ghrelin is responsible for a protective response to oxidative burden.•Pro-inflammatory markers had no association with ghrelin.•Anti-inflammatory markers are positively associated with ghrelin.•Low ghrelin levels in Type 2 diabetes extinguishes associations with inflammatory health.
ISSN:0303-7207
1872-8057
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2018.11.004