A Meta-Analysis of Malingering Detection Measures for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
This meta-analysis compares stand-alone and embedded performance and symptom validity tests (PVTs and SVTs) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) malingering detection in college students. Simulation design studies utilizing college student samples were included (k = 11). Analyses cons...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Psychological assessment 2019-02, Vol.31 (2), p.265-270 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | This meta-analysis compares stand-alone and embedded performance and symptom validity tests (PVTs and SVTs) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) malingering detection in college students. Simulation design studies utilizing college student samples were included (k = 11). Analyses consisted of measures designed or previously used for malingering detection. Random-effects models were constructed to provide aggregated weighted effect sizes (Hedges' g), indicating the difference between genuine ADHD and simulation groups. Overall PVTs (stand-alone and embedded) produced a large effect size (g = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.72, 1.13], p < .001), whereas overall SVTs (stand-alone and embedded) produced a medium-effect size (g = 0.54, 95% CI [0.44, 0.65], p < .001). Stand-alone PVTs (g = 0.98, 95% CI [0.84, 1.12], p < .001) outperformed embedded PVTs (g = 0.66, 95% CI [0.51, 0.80], p < .001). The stand-alone SVT (g = 0.66) and embedded SVTs (g = 0.54, 95% CI [0.43, 0.65], p < .001) produced medium-effect sizes. These findings support stand-alone PVTs and suggest that performance-based measures should be included in ADHD evaluation batteries, which may consist solely of symptom self-report measures.
Public Significance Statement
This meta-analytic study suggests that performance validity tests are more effective than symptom validity tests at detecting college students attempting to feign attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This finding supports the use of performance validity tests in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder evaluations that often rely on symptom reports. |
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ISSN: | 1040-3590 1939-134X |
DOI: | 10.1037/pas0000659 |