Moderating effect of occupational stress on spirituality and depression of Registered Nurses in tertiary hospital: A structural equation model

Aim The aim of this study was to determine the influence of spirituality to depression and to determine the moderating effect of occupational stress among Registered Nurses. Background Depression is a major contributor to the global burden of disease and it is influenced by several factors. Spirituality can be a protective factor against depression. However, it remains underexplored among nurses who experience several precipitating factors of depression, including occupational stress. Design Cross‐sectional, predictive‐correlational study. Methods From August ‐ December 2017, 242 purposively selected nurses from selected tertiary hospitals completed a four‐part survey packet composed of the “robotfoto,” Spirituality Assessment Scale, Expanded Nursing Stress Scale, and Beck's Depression Inventory‐II. Structural equation modelling analysed the influence of spirituality to depression, while multigroup analysis determined the moderating effect of occupational stress. Results “Personal faith, spiritual contentment, and religious practice” negatively influenced depression, generating a good model. Occupational stress significantly moderated the influence of spirituality to depression, with a significant inverse U‐shaped effect for both “personal faith” and “religious practice” and a non‐significant decreasing effect for “spiritual contentment”. Conclusion The stress‐moderated model of the influence of spirituality to depression highlights three significant points. First, there is a need to develop individualized, spiritually based interventions based on the spiritual needs of Registered Nurses. Second, policies geared towards positive spirituality in the workplace and spiritual support to nurses must be explored. Finally, nurse managers must identify the sources of occupational stress and implement stress‐reducing programmes in the workplace. 目的 本研究的目标在于确定精神对抑郁的影响、确定职业压力在注册护士中的调节作用。 背景 抑郁症是全球疾病负担的主要贡献者,它受到几个因素的影响。精神是应对抑郁的一个保护性因素。然而,在经历过包括职业压力在内的几种抑郁诱发因素的护士中,这方面的研究还不够。 设计 横向预测相关性研究 方法 在2017年8月至12月期间,特地挑选242名三级医院护士完成了四部分调查,其中包含“robotfoto”、精神评估量表、扩展护理压力量表和Beck抑郁症清单(II)。结构方程模型分析了精神对抑郁的影响,多组分析确定了职业压力的缓解作用。 结果 “个人信念、精神满足和宗教实践”给抑郁带来了负面影响,产生了一个好的模式。职业压力显著缓解了精神对抑郁症的影响,对“个人信仰”和“宗教实践”都有显著的反U形效应,而对“精神满足”则无显著的下降效应。 结论 精神对抑郁影响的压力缓解模型强调了三个重要的方面。首先,需要根据注册护士的精神需求制定个性化的、以精神为基础的干预措施。第二,必须探讨旨在促进工作场所积极精神生活和对护士提供精神支助的政策。最后,护士长必须确定职业压力的来源并在工作场所实施减压计划。