192R Allele of Paraoxanase 1 (PON1) Gene as a New Marker for Susceptibility to Bladder Cancer

Background: The human body has a number of endogenous free-radical scavenging systems. Paraoxonase1 (PON1) is one of the enzymes involved in such systems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between bladder cancer and the polymorphism of PON1 which results in Q/R substitution at codon 192. This is the first report of this polymorphism in bladder cancer. Patients and Methods: Seventy-six bladder cancer patients and 135 healthy controls took part in the study. DNA from paraffin-embedded tissues for patients and from blood cells for controls was extracted. The distribution of PON1 192 polymorphism was determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) techniques. Results: There was significant difference in PON1 genotype frequencies (patients/controls QQ: 8/37, QR: 53/84, RR: 15/14, p=0.007) between the control and bladder cancer patients. Moreover, in patients there was significant association of the RR genotype of PON1 with invasive growth pattern (p=0.027), perineural invasion (p=0.016), distant metastasis (p