Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of Parkinson’s disease in the elderly population: a meta-analysis

Purpose Several studies have explored the impact of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the risk of Parkinson disease (PD). However, the extent to which NSAIDs may increase or decrease the risk of PD remains unresolved. We, therefore, performed a meta-analysis of relevant studies to quantify the magnitude of the association between NSAID use and PD risk in the elderly population. Methods The electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were used to search the relevant articles published between January 1990 and December 2017. Large ( n ≥ 1000) observational design studies with a follow-up at least 1 year were considered. Two authors independently extracted information from the included studies. Random effect model was used to calculate risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (Cl). Results A total of 17 studies with 2,498,258 participants and nearly 14,713 PD patients were included in the final analysis. The overall pooled RR of PD was 0.95 (95%CI 0.860–1.048) with significant heterogeneity ( I 2 = 63.093, Q = 43.352, p