Prospective evaluation of left atrial function and late gadolinium enhancement with 3 T MRI in patients with atrial fibrillation before and after catheter ablation

In a prospective, randomized study we performed left atrial (LA) functional imaging and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation with ablation of the anterior mitral line to evaluate LA function and visibility of the anterior mitral line and to explore the relationship of these factors to short- and long-term procedural success. Functional imaging of the LA and LGE-visualization 15 min post i.v. administration of gadobutrol was performed on a 3 T MRI system before and after ablation. Patients were grouped in (a) subjects with sinus rhythm, and (b) subjects without sinus rhythm at the follow-up-MRI. Eight patients were excluded due to poor image quality. 37 patients were allotted to group a, 4 patients to group b. Group a showed a significant improvement in ejection fraction (22.3 ± 7.1% vs. 27.2 ± 5.5%; p