Reciprocal changes of H3K27ac and H3K27me3 at the promoter regions of the critical genes for endometrial decidualization

Decidualization is essential for embryo implantation and placental development. We aimed to obtain transcriptome and epigenome profiles for primary endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and decidualized cells. ESCs isolated from human endometrial tissues remained untreated (D0), or decidualized for 4 days (D4) and 8 days (D8) in the presence of 8-bromo-cAMP and progesterone. Among the epigenetic modifications examined (DNA methylation, H3K27ac, H3K9me3 and H3K27me3), the H3K27ac patterns changed most dramatically, with a moderate correlation with gene expression changes, upon decidualization. Subsets of up- and down-regulated genes upon decidualization were associated with reciprocal changes of H3K27ac and H3K27me3 modifications at their promoter region, and were enriched with genes essential for decidualization such as , , and . Our dataset is useful to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying decidualization.