Community Acquired Acute Kidney Injury in Mansoura Nephrology Dialysis Unit: One Year Prospective Observational Study

Aim: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major health problem with poor patient prognosis. We evaluated the clinical characteristics, risk factors, associated comorbidities, and outcomes of AKI patients. Methodology: A single-center prospective observational study. The patients were admitted in Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit over a period of 1 year from January to December, 2016. Patients were diagnosed as AKI or AKI in addition to chronic kidney disease according to the creatinine criteria of KDIGO 2013. All patients were subjected to complete history taking, physical examination, and full laboratory and pelvi-abdominal ultrasound investigations. The study outcomes were all-cause hospital mortality, and recovery of renal function. Predictors of mortality were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The study was reviewed and approved by local Ethical Committee of IBR. Results: We evaluated 199 (96 males plus 103 females) aged between 18 and 88 years old. Dehydration was the commonest precipitating factor for AKI in our patients (68.8%) and Oliguria was the commonest symptom present in 47.7% of patients. Intravenous fluids were received by 79.9% of patients, 22.6% of patients received diuretics, and 33.7% received renal replacement therapy in the form of intermittent hemodialysis. Death occurred in 25 patients (13.16%) and 69 (36.32%) showed no renal recovery. Shock and sepsis were the most significant predictors of mortality. Conclusion: Community acquired AKI is a major health problem with high morbidity and mortality.