Forced obliquity and moments of inertia of Titan

The obliquity of Titan is small, but certainly non-zero, and may be used to place constraints on Titan's internal structure. The measured gravity coefficients of Titan imply that it is non-hydrostatic and thus the normal Darwin–Radau approach to determining internal structure cannot be applied. However, if the obliquity is assumed to be tidally damped (that is, in a Cassini state) then combining the obliquity with the measured gravity coefficients allows Titan's moment of inertia to be determined without invoking hydrostatic equilibrium. For polar moment values in the range ( 0.3 < C / M R 2 < 0.4 ), tidally-damped obliquity values of ( 0.115 ° < | ε | < 0.177 ° ) result. If the inferred moment value exceeds 0.4, this strongly suggests the presence of a near-surface ice shell decoupled from the interior, probably by a subsurface ocean.