Theory of energy dissipation in a viscoelastic body under time-dependent stress

We present a linear response theory of a viscoelastic body, which provides a method for calculating the energy dissipation in a viscoelastic body under given time-dependent stress. As an illustrative example that simulates collisions qualitatively, the calculations of energy dissipation are presented for the models of a viscoelastic body including a Maxwell body, a Voigt body, and a standard linear body when a Gaussian time-dependent stress is loaded on them.