Lower skeletal muscle attenuation and high visceral fat index are associated with complicated disease in patients with Crohn's disease: An exploratory study

Summary Background and aims The prognostic value of body composition analysis in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) is poorly explored. The aims of the present study were to assess fat and skeletal muscle compartments including muscle radiation attenuation (MA) in patients with CD, and to analyze its predictive value to identify complicated phenotypes. Methods Seventy one patients with CD who have had an abdominal CT within one month of clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic evaluation were included. Skeletal muscle area (SMA) and index (SMI), visceral fat area (VFA) and index (VFI), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), and mean MA were measured using appropriate software. Sarcopenia, as defined by Martin's criteria was assessed. Montreal classification was used to characterize disease phenotype. Results Mean MA was lower in patients >40 years ( p = 0.001), L2 ( p = 0.09) and stricturing/penetrating disease ( p = 0.03) whereas SMA and SMI were significantly lower in patients with positive C-reactive protein and previous hospital admissions ( p