Etiology of Depression and Implications on Work Environment

Objective: We describe the etiology of clinical forms of depression and their interaction with workplace factors. Methods: We performed selective literature searches in pertinent research areas and reviewed the literature in the context of clinical experience in several depression programs at Johns Hopkins. Results: Substantial research exists about the causes of depression. The causes of clinical forms of depression are complex. Genetic factors, several specific brain disorders, gender, as well as life events or circumstances all are involved in the causal pathway. Research addressing how the work environment impacts depression and its role in aggravating or alleviating depression is more limited. Conclusions: Research findings about the various causal connections in depressive disorders may provide some guides to treatment as well as to further research on depression in the workplace.