Effect of Natural Organic Matter on Zinc Inhibition of Hematite Bioreduction by Shewanella putrefaciens CN32

The effect of zinc on the biological reduction of hematite (α-Fe2O3) by the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium (DMRB) Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 was studied in the presence of four natural organic materials (NOMs). Experiments were performed under non-growth conditions with H2 as the electron donor and zinc inhibition was quantified as the decrease in the 5 d extent of hematite bioreduction as compared to no-zinc controls. Every NOM was shown to significantly increase zinc inhibition during hematite bioreduction. NOMs were shown to alter the distribution of both biogenic Fe(II) and Zn(II) between partitioned (hematite and cell surfaces) and solution phases. To further evaluate the mechanism(s) of NOM-promoted zinc inhibition, similar bioreduction experiments were conducted with nitrate as a soluble electron acceptor, and hematite bioreduction experiments were conducted with manganese which was essentially non-inhibitory in the absence of NOM. The results suggest that Me(II)−NOM complexes may be specifically inhibitory during solid-phase bioreduction via interference of DMRB attachment to hematite through the formation of ternary Me(II)−NOM−hematite complexes.