Synthesis of and triplex formation in oligonucleotides containing 2′-deoxy-6-thioxanthosine

[Display omitted] This study aimed to synthesize triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) containing 2′-deoxy-6-thioxanthosine (s6X) and 2′-deoxy-6-thioguanosine (s6Gs) residues and examined their triplex-forming ability. Consecutive arrangement of s6X and s6Gs residues increased the triplex-forming ability of the oligonucleotides more than 50 times, compared with the unmodified TFOs. Moreover, the stability of triplex containing a mismatched pair was much lower than that of the full-matched triplex, though s6X could form a s6X-GC mismatched pair via tautomerization of s6X. The present results reveal excellent properties of modified TFOs containing s6Xs and s6Gs residues, which may be harnessed in gene therapy and DNA nanotechnology.