Survival of dental implants placed in vascularised fibula free flaps after jaw reconstruction

Ablative oncological surgery to treat head-and-neck cancer often triggers a requirement for jaw reconstruction. Modern surgical procedures using free microvascular flaps afford acceptable outcomes in terms of restoration of bony and soft tissue defects. A fibula free flap is often the preferred flap, as the bone length is considerable and a two-surgeon approach is possible. Dental implants play important roles in functional rehabilitation. Our aim was to evaluate the survival of dental implants placed in reconstructed areas after transfer of fibula tissue to the jaw. We retrospectively studied 34 patients who underwent ablative tumour surgery and jaw reconstruction using osteocutaneous fibula free flaps and who then received dental implants. We evaluated implant survival and success, survival of the fibula flap, and clinical and radiographic data. We included 34 patients, 23 of whom were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. In total, 134 dental implants were inserted in transferred fibula bone. The cumulative implant survival rate was 81%. The survival rate of the 34 fibula flaps transplanted after surgical reconstruction was 97%. The insertion of endosseous implants after jaw reconstruction using vascularised fibula tissue yields successful dental rehabilitation in patients with oral cancers.