Foehn in the Rhine Valley during MAP: A review of its multiscale dynamics in complex valley geometry

This paper summarizes the findings of seven years of research on foehn conducted within the project [lsquo]Foehn in the Rhine Valley during MAP[rsquo] (FORM) of the Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP). It starts with a brief historical review of foehn research in the Alps, reaching back to the middle o...

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Veröffentlicht in:Quarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 2007-04, Vol.133 (625), p.897-916
Hauptverfasser: Drobinski, Philippe, Steinacker, Reinhold, Richner, Hans, Baumann-Stanzer, Kathrin, Beffrey, Guillaume, Benech, Bruno, Berger, Heinz, Chimani, Barbara, Dabas, Alain, Dorninger, Manfred, Duerr, Bruno, Flamant, Cyrille, Frioud, Max, Furger, Markus, Groehn, Inga, Gubser, Stefan, Gutermann, Thomas, Haeberli, Christian, Haeller-Scharnhost, Esther, Jaubert, Genevieve, Lothon, Marie, Mitev, Valentin, Pechinger, Ulrike, Piringer, Martin, Ratheiser, Matthias, Ruffieux, Dominique, Seiz, Gabriela, Spatzierer, Manfred, Tschannett, Simon, Vogt, Siegfried, Werner, Richard, Zaengl, Guenther
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:This paper summarizes the findings of seven years of research on foehn conducted within the project [lsquo]Foehn in the Rhine Valley during MAP[rsquo] (FORM) of the Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP). It starts with a brief historical review of foehn research in the Alps, reaching back to the middle of the 19th century. Afterwards, it provides an overview of the experimental and numerical challenges identified before the MAP field experiment and summarizes the key findings made during MAP in observation, simulation and theory. We specifically address the role of the upstream and cross-Alpine flow structure on foehn at a local scale and the processes driving foehn propagation in the Rhine Valley. The crucial importance of interactions between the foehn and cold-air pools frequently filling the lower Rhine Valley is highlighted. In addition, the dynamics of a low-level flow splitting occurring at a valley bifurcation between the Rhine Valley and the Seez Valley are examined. The advances in numerical modelling and forecasting of foehn events in the Rhine Valley are also underlined. Finally, we discuss the main differences between foehn dynamics in the Rhine Valley area and in the Wipp/Inn Valley region and point out some open research questions needing further investigation. Copyright 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
ISSN:0035-9009
1477-870X
DOI:10.1002/qj.70