Rapid Recovery of Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma without Surgical Treatment: Case Report and Literature Review

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a relatively uncommon yet potentially disabling neurologic emergency. The classical presentation includes a severe acute attack, sometimes radiating pain at the back, interscapular, or neck areas, followed by neurologic deficits. The main treatment is surgical, and self-healing cases are rare. A 17-year-old female was admitted to the neurosurgery department with neck pain, myasthenia of the limbs, and difficulty moving. Mild neck pain had developed 1 week prior with no obvious predisposing causes. The patient had suddenly suffered severe neck pain during normal walking and developed rapid paralysis of her limbs. There was no recent history of trauma, infection, or drug administration. Magnetic resonance imaging performed 1 hour after the onset of limb paralysis demonstrated a large spinal epidural hematoma that extended from C4 to C6. However, 9 hours after the initial onset of severe neck pain, her symptoms completely ceased. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated that the SSEH had nearly dissipated. Most cases of SSEH with spontaneous resolution are located on the upper thoracic and cervical spine. Surgery is the standard of care for these patients but can occasionally be deferred if the patient demonstrates significant rapid improvement. •This is a report of a rare case in which a 17-year-old girl got spinal epidural hematoma without any cause.•She suffered complete paralysis of the extremities and rapidly improving symptoms without surgical treatment.•Surgery treatment is the standard of care for these patients but can occasionally be deferred if the patient demonstrates significant rapid improvement.