The Median Mandibular Symphysis Tessier 30 Cleft: 3D Imaging Analysis and Review of the Literature

Atypical craniofacial clefts of the upper facial region have been well documented; however, the mandibular clefts remain rare and reported as isolated case reports. We report a case of a median mandibular cleft within the context of a Tessier 0-14 axis that we have followed over a 5-year period without surgical/orthodontic intervention. The mandibular symphysis cleft remained open without evidence of the fusion, in contrast to ossification of the metopic dysraphism. Within this context, we present a review of the median mandibular cleft cases from 1819 to 2015.