Soil solarization with biodegradable materials and its impact on soil microbial communities

The application of soil solarization (SS), one of the most promising techniques for the control of soilborne pathogens, is seriously limited by the drawback regarding the disposal of the used plastic materials. A possible solution to this problem is the use of biodegradable plastics. The aim of this...

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Veröffentlicht in:Soil biology & biochemistry 2008-08, Vol.40 (8), p.1989-1998
Hauptverfasser: Bonanomi, Giuliano, Chiurazzi, Mario, Caporaso, Silvia, Del Sorbo, Giovanni, Moschetti, Giancarlo, Felice, Scala
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container_end_page 1998
container_issue 8
container_start_page 1989
container_title Soil biology & biochemistry
container_volume 40
creator Bonanomi, Giuliano
Chiurazzi, Mario
Caporaso, Silvia
Del Sorbo, Giovanni
Moschetti, Giancarlo
Felice, Scala
description The application of soil solarization (SS), one of the most promising techniques for the control of soilborne pathogens, is seriously limited by the drawback regarding the disposal of the used plastic materials. A possible solution to this problem is the use of biodegradable plastics. The aim of this study was to make comparisons between the impact of SS performed with biodegradable materials and that of SS with plastic films and other pest management techniques (i.e. organic matter amendment, calcium cyanamide and Dazomet fungicide application) on crop productivity, soilborne disease incidence, weed suppression, and soil chemical (total N, NH 4-N, nitrate, available phosphorus, organic matter, hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate) and microbial (cultivable Pseudomonas, DGGE fingerprinting of bacterial 16S- and fungal 28S rRNA gene fragments from total soil community DNA) parameters. We carried out field experiments in two types of soil with different textures (clay and sand) artificially inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (vs. tomato) and Sclerotinia minor (vs. lettuce). The temperature of soils covered with solarizing materials was always higher than that of bare soils, but plastic cover was more effective and consistent in rising soil temperature compared to biodegradable materials. Plant growth promotion by SS was limited, especially compared to Dazomet and organic matter applications, and a positive effect was observed only for lettuce in the clay soil. Differently, both plastic and biodegradable solarizing materials were effective in reducing lettuce drop caused by S. minor. Weed development was significantly suppressed by Dazomet application and SS with plastic film, while control with biodegradable materials was limited. SS had a variable and limited effect on chemical and microbial parameters, with a general tendency to reduce richness of bacteria and fungi. Dazomet caused the most pronounced reduction of the microbial community diversity in both soil types and a significant stimulation of the fluorescent Pseudomonas group. Organic amendment significantly enhanced the organic matter content, the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate and the Pseudomonas population. Among all measured soil parameters, the size of the fluorescent Pseudomonas population emerged as the most important factor affecting crop productivity. The results of this experimentation show the potential of using biodegradable solarizing materials in place of plastic fi
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.02.009
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Organic amendment significantly enhanced the organic matter content, the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate and the Pseudomonas population. Among all measured soil parameters, the size of the fluorescent Pseudomonas population emerged as the most important factor affecting crop productivity. The results of this experimentation show the potential of using biodegradable solarizing materials in place of plastic films, but also indicate the need for improving their properties to obtain performances comparable to those of other pest management techniques.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0038-0717</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3428</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.02.009</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SBIOAH</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Agronomy. 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A possible solution to this problem is the use of biodegradable plastics. The aim of this study was to make comparisons between the impact of SS performed with biodegradable materials and that of SS with plastic films and other pest management techniques (i.e. organic matter amendment, calcium cyanamide and Dazomet fungicide application) on crop productivity, soilborne disease incidence, weed suppression, and soil chemical (total N, NH 4-N, nitrate, available phosphorus, organic matter, hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate) and microbial (cultivable Pseudomonas, DGGE fingerprinting of bacterial 16S- and fungal 28S rRNA gene fragments from total soil community DNA) parameters. We carried out field experiments in two types of soil with different textures (clay and sand) artificially inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (vs. tomato) and Sclerotinia minor (vs. lettuce). 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Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Biochemistry and biology</subject><subject>Biodegradable plastic materials</subject><subject>biodegradable products</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties</subject><subject>clay soils</subject><subject>crop losses</subject><subject>crop production</subject><subject>dazomet</subject><subject>FDA</subject><subject>field experimentation</subject><subject>Fluorescent Pseudomonas</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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A possible solution to this problem is the use of biodegradable plastics. The aim of this study was to make comparisons between the impact of SS performed with biodegradable materials and that of SS with plastic films and other pest management techniques (i.e. organic matter amendment, calcium cyanamide and Dazomet fungicide application) on crop productivity, soilborne disease incidence, weed suppression, and soil chemical (total N, NH 4-N, nitrate, available phosphorus, organic matter, hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate) and microbial (cultivable Pseudomonas, DGGE fingerprinting of bacterial 16S- and fungal 28S rRNA gene fragments from total soil community DNA) parameters. We carried out field experiments in two types of soil with different textures (clay and sand) artificially inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (vs. tomato) and Sclerotinia minor (vs. lettuce). The temperature of soils covered with solarizing materials was always higher than that of bare soils, but plastic cover was more effective and consistent in rising soil temperature compared to biodegradable materials. Plant growth promotion by SS was limited, especially compared to Dazomet and organic matter applications, and a positive effect was observed only for lettuce in the clay soil. Differently, both plastic and biodegradable solarizing materials were effective in reducing lettuce drop caused by S. minor. Weed development was significantly suppressed by Dazomet application and SS with plastic film, while control with biodegradable materials was limited. SS had a variable and limited effect on chemical and microbial parameters, with a general tendency to reduce richness of bacteria and fungi. Dazomet caused the most pronounced reduction of the microbial community diversity in both soil types and a significant stimulation of the fluorescent Pseudomonas group. Organic amendment significantly enhanced the organic matter content, the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate and the Pseudomonas population. Among all measured soil parameters, the size of the fluorescent Pseudomonas population emerged as the most important factor affecting crop productivity. The results of this experimentation show the potential of using biodegradable solarizing materials in place of plastic films, but also indicate the need for improving their properties to obtain performances comparable to those of other pest management techniques.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.02.009</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biochemistry and biology
Biodegradable plastic materials
biodegradable products
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties
clay soils
crop losses
crop production
dazomet
FDA
field experimentation
Fluorescent Pseudomonas
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
fungal diseases of plants
Fusarium oxysporum
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
Lactuca sativa
lettuce
Lycopersicon esculentum
microbial ecology
Microbiology
nitrogen content
Organic matter
PCR-DGGE
pest management
Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils
plant growth
plant pathogenic fungi
plastics
Pseudomonas
ribosomal RNA
sandy soils
Sclerotinia minor
soil amendments
soil chemical properties
soil microorganisms
Soil science
soil solarization
soil temperature
soil-borne diseases
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum
species diversity
tomatoes
weed control
title Soil solarization with biodegradable materials and its impact on soil microbial communities
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