The assessment of serum lipid profiles of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

•Serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly higher in the ADHD group than the healthy controls.•The study results support the difference in serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles of children with ADHD compared to healthy controls. This difference is thought to be related to changes in oxidant/antioxidant balance states in ADHD. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children and the pathophysiology remains obscure. Some studies show that lipid imbalances are associated with ADHD etiology. We studied the association of serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels in ADHD. We examined 88 children aged 8–12 years who were diagnosed with ADHD and 88 healthy children. The exclusion criteria were as follows: obesity, any psychotropic use in the last 3 months, presence of a chronic disease and/or malignancy, history of medically treated lipid metabolism disease in family members, intelligence quotient (IQ)