Conversion of Curcumin into Heterocyclic Compounds as Potent Anti-diabetic and Anti-histamine Agents

Potential biologically active derivatives of the curcumin were prepared by the cyclocondensation reaction cyclohexanone 2, imino pyrimidine 3, pyrmidinones 4, thiopyrimidine 6 and pyranone 5, 7 when treated with acetylacetone, guanidine, ureaethylcyanoacetate, thiourea and ethylacetoacetate, respectively. The structures of compounds (2–7) were elucidated by means of microanalysis as well as spectral measurements such as IR, 1H-NMR, MS. The anti-diabetic potential of curcumin derivatives were evaluated by assessing amylase inhibition assay, also inhibition of histamine release activity of curcumin derivatives were assessed by U937 human monocytes. The results for amylase inhibition activity revels that the curcumin inhibits α-amylase in a concentration dependent manner. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against amylase enzyme and was comparable with that of acrabose. Also, compounds 5, 6 and 7 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against histamine. Our results concluded that curcumin pyrmidinones and pyranone derivatives have highly effects as anti-diabetic and anti-histamine activities.