Theory, simulation and experiments for precise deflection control of radiotherapy electron beams

Conventional radiotherapy is mainly applied by linear accelerators. Although linear accelerators provide dual (electron/photon) radiation beam modalities, both of them are intrinsically produced by a megavoltage electron current. Modern radiotherapy treatment techniques are based on suitable devices inserted or attached to conventional linear accelerators. Thus, precise control of delivered beam becomes a main key issue. This work presents an integral description of electron beam deflection control as required for novel radiotherapy technique based on convergent photon beam production. Theoretical and Monte Carlo approaches were initially used for designing and optimizing device´s components. Then, dedicated instrumentation was developed for experimental verification of electron beam deflection due to the designed magnets. Both Monte Carlo simulations and experimental results support the reliability of electrodynamics models used to predict megavoltage electron beam control. •Novel method for high energy electron beam control is presented and investigated.•Deflection systems based on permanent magnets demonstrated promising capability.•Experiments, theory and Monte Carlo characterized radiotherapy beam deflection.•Electron beam from clinical linear accelerators can be suitably controlled.•Very good agreement was found between theory, simulation and experiments.