Periosteal chondroma of the cuboid with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst in a setting of secondary hyperparathyroidism

•Case presentation of a 35-year-old woman with periosteal (juxtacortical) chondroma and secondary aneurysmal bone cyst in the cuboid.•Both, the location and secondary aneurysmal bone cyst are uncommon for this tumor.•A detected secondary hyperparathyroidism was put into context with the development of the aneurysmal bone cyst.•The correct diagnosis could be made by a close cooperation of the radiologist, surgeon and pathologist. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman with painful, nontender mass at the right lateral hindfoot. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated the suspect of a chondroid tumour in the cuboid. The tumour was resected en bloc and histology revealed the presence of a periosteal (juxtacortical) chondroma with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst. Secondary hyperparathyroidism was detected in laboratory tests and put into context with the histopathologic findings. In conclusion, a rare case of periosteal chondroma of the cuboid with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst in a setting of secondary hyperparathyroidism due to vitamin D deficiency is presented. Level of clinical evidence: 4.