Soil carbon and physical property changes in Brazilian Coastal Tableland soils with land use following deforestation

The Atlantic Forest has been deforested to the point that only about 7% of the original forest remains. Soil degradation, including loss of soil organic carbon (SOC), has often been associated with deforestation. In extensive areas previously occupied by Atlantic Forest the soil has a naturally compact subsoil horizon called the coeso. This layer challenges root development and plant productivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate soil carbon and selected physical characteristics under the influence of the native forest and post-deforestation agricultural practices. The management regimes were a native forest, a rubber tree plantation, a pasture and annual cropping. Two soil depths were investigated: 0 to 15 cm, corresponding to the A horizon; and 35 to 50 cm, corresponding to the coeso. Management influenced both SOC concentration and soil bulk density; however, SOC content was not significantly changed by any of the post-deforestation land uses. This result supports the annual cropping system that has been adapted by small landholders. Most interesting was the quantity of SOC found in the coeso, which was as much as 50% of the surface horizon.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]