Incidence of risk factors for bloodstream infections in patients with major burns receiving intensive care: A retrospective single-center cohort study

•Most common isolates were Enterococcus sp., Candida sp. and Pseudomonas sp.•A greater TBSA and ABSI were associated with a higher incidence of BSIs.•The incidence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens was relatively low.•MDR gram-negative BSI isolates were associated with increased mortality.•Burn patients from abroad often suffered from BSI caused by MDR bacteria. The objective was primarily to identify risk factors for bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by different pathogens. A retrospective single-center cohort study was performed on 472 burn patients with an abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI)≥3, a total burn surface area (TBSA)≥10%, and an ICU stay of at least 24h. Risk factors for different BSI pathogens were analyzed by competing risks regression model of Fine and Gray. A total of 114 burn patients developed 171 episodes of BSIs caused by gram-negative bacteria (n=78;46%), gram-positive bacteria (n=69;40%), and fungi (n=24;14%) median after 14days (range, 1–164), 16days (range, 1–170), and 16days (range, 0–89), respectively. A total of 24/114 patients (21%) had fatal outcomes. Isolation of the most common bloodstream isolates Enterococcus sp. (n=26), followed by Candida sp. and Pseudomonas sp. (n=22 for both) was significantly associated with increased TBSA (p≤0.006) and ABSI (p