Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients requiring intensive care unit admission: a prospective study

Purpose The study was aimed to describe the characteristics of cancer patients admitted to the oncological ICU and to identify clinical features associated with outcomes. Methods This is a prospective study (January 2014 to December 2015) of 522 cancer patients consecutively admitted to the oncological ICU. Patients with a length of oncological ICU stay ≤ 1 day were excluded. Demographic and clinical variables were obtained at oncological ICU admission. The primary outcome of interest was hospital mortality. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for hospital mortality. Results The study cohort consisted of 492 (94.3%) patients with solid tumours and 30 patients (5.7%) with haematological malignancies. Advanced cancer was observed in 53.3%. Unplanned admission accounted for 25.3%. Hospital mortality rate was 13.0% ( n = 68), and it was higher for patients with unplanned admission than those for electively admitted patients (35.6% vs. 5.4; p