Effective shunt closure for pulmonary hypertension and liver dysfunction in congenital portosystemic venous shunt

Objective Congenital portosystemic venous shunt (CPSVS) is a rare vascular malformation with a high risk of mortality from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the treatment outcome of CPSVS closure remains elusive. Our aim was to investigate the clinical features and establish the optimal management of CPSVS with or without PAH. Methods Twenty‐four patients with CPSVS treated in Kyushu University Hospital between 1990 and 2015 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into a PAH group (n = 9) and a non‐PAH group (n = 15). Clinical characteristics and outcomes were evaluated. Results The first manifestation of CPSVS at diagnosis (28.5 [1‐216] months) was hypergalactosemia in 13 (54%) or PAH in six (25%) patients. PAH was the cause of all three deaths. The PAH group had higher levels of serum total bile acid, manganese, and total bilirubin, along with higher pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) than the non‐PAH group (7.2 [5.1‐38.1] vs 1.2 [0.5‐3.3] unit/m2, P