European risk assessment of LAS in agricultural soil revisited: Species sensitivity distribution and risk estimates

Linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) is used at a rate of approximately 430 000 tons/y in Western Europe, mainly in laundry detergents. It is present in sewage sludge (70–5600 mg/kg; 5–95th percentile) because of its high usage per capita, its sorption and precipitation in primary settlers, and its lack of degradation in anaerobic digesters. Immediately after amendment, calculated and measured concentrations are