Long-term treatment outcomes and prognosis of mucosal melanoma of the head and neck: 161 cases from a single institution

•A report on a rare disease: mucosal melanoma of the head and neck.•One of the largest single-institution retrospective study with 161 cases.•A clinical verification of the staging system of mucosal melanoma of the head and neck.•A study on the prognostic factors of MMHN. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of mucosal melanoma of the head and neck (MMHN) in patients who were treated at our institution. Between Jan. 1981 and Oct. 2015, 161 patients with non-metastatic MMHN were treated at our institution. The patients’ clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, outcomes, prognostic factors, and failure patterns were retrospectively analysed. With a median follow-up time of 74months, the 5-year overall survival rate (OS), local control rate (LC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were 44.4%, 59.4%, and 49.3%, respectively. Regarding the different treatment modalities, the 5-year OS was 50.0% in the surgery group and 43.1% in the surgery combined with radiotherapy group, while, the 5-year LC rate was 42.5% in the surgery group and 75.3% in the surgery combined with radiotherapy (p