Exposure of surface water bodies to chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl in the Mediterranean area
The objective of this study was to assess surface water and sediment exposure to chlorpyrifos (CLP) and chlorpyri-fos-methyl (CLP-m) in Sicily - a major Italian citrus-growing area - where these compounds are known to be used. Sampling times followed a schedule which included the period in which the...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Fresenius environmental bulletin 2007-01, Vol.16 (1), p.50-56 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | The objective of this study was to assess surface water and sediment exposure to chlorpyrifos (CLP) and chlorpyri-fos-methyl (CLP-m) in Sicily - a major Italian citrus-growing area - where these compounds are known to be used. Sampling times followed a schedule which included the period in which these pesticides are used in the area, as well as several reference times after application to measure any residues that may be carried to the sampling points. A drift study was also carried out to evaluate soil and water contamination during CLP-m field application. The study has demonstrated that exposure to surface waters is negligible, with no detection of either compound throughout the study (detection limit 0.05 mu g L super(-1)). Trace residues of CLP (up to 0.02 mg kg super(-1)) were detected in four sediment samples. On a field-scale, crop interception is significant, with an average of 23% of the applied material reaching the soil. Adjacent ditches may receive small quantities of CLP-m (about 2%) through spray drift. This, however, presents a potential pollution risk of surface water. |
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ISSN: | 1018-4619 |