Targeted Inhibition of the NCOA1/STAT6 Protein–Protein Interaction

The complex formation between transcription factors (TFs) and coactivator proteins is required for transcriptional activity, and thus disruption of aberrantly activated TF/coactivator interactions could be an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, modulation of such protein–protein interactions (PPIs) has proven challenging. Here we report a cell-permeable, proteolytically stable, stapled helical peptide directly targeting nuclear receptor coactivator 1 (NCOA1), a coactivator required for the transcriptional activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6). We demonstrate that this stapled peptide disrupts the NCOA1/STAT6 complex, thereby repressing STAT6-mediated transcription. Furthermore, we solved the first crystal structure of a stapled peptide in complex with NCOA1. The stapled peptide therefore represents an invaluable chemical probe for understanding the precise role of the NCOA1/STAT6 interaction and an excellent starting point for the development of a novel class of therapeutic agents.