Does routine carpal tunnel release during fixation of distal radius fractures improve outcomes?

This case-control study was designed to test the hypothesis whether carpal tunnel release (CTR) during fixation of distal radius 23-C2 AO fractures improves outcomes. Thirty-five consecutive patients who sustained distal radius fractures of the dominant hand participated in this study. Patients were allocated into two groups: (a) The ORIF + CTR (16 patients (11 males and 5 females)); (b) the ORIF and NOT CTR 19 patients (12 males and 7 females). Patient assessment included visual analogic scale of pain (VAS), the subjective Mayo Wrist Score (MWS), electromyograms (EMG) at 3 month and 6 months from the day of injury and complications. All patients had the same physiotherapy treatment algorithm following surgery. Patient follow up took place at 1 month, 3, 6, and 12 months. A the T12 month follow up point the VAS average was 0.8 (range 0–3) in ORIF + CTR group compared to 1.2 (range 0–3) in the ORIF and NOT CTR. The MWS average was 98.7 (range 95–100) in ORIF + CTR group versus 97.6 (range 95–100) in ORIF no CTR group. There was no statistical significance (p > 0.5) between the two groups during the follow up period. Patients in the sixth month of ORIF + CTR had no suffering of the median nerve, while 31.58% of patients in ORIF and no CTR found to have carpal tunnel syndrome. Routine release of the transverse carpal ligament at the time of fracture fixation may reduce the incidence of postoperative median nerve dysfunction.