Etiology and evolution of the osteoarticular infections. 2009-2015: Pediatric Hospital Pereira Rossell Uruguay

The most frequent osteoarticular infections (OAI) etiological agent is Staphylococcus aureus. The prevalence of other microorganisms has changed after the introduction of new vaccines. To describe the etiology and evolution of the OAIs in children hospitalized in Pediatric Hospital Pereira Rossell between 2009 and 2015. Joint fluid and bone puncture studies of hospitalized children suspected of OAI. Epidemiological characteristics, isolated microorganisms, complementary tests, initial treatment, complications, and days of hospitalization were analyzed. 335 patients; the etiology was established in 113. Clinical data could be analyzed in 87 cases. The average age was 6.1 years. They corresponded to: methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (n: 47), community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) (n: 11), Streptococcus pyogenes (n: 6), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n: 1), Haemophilus influenzae type b (n: 2), Gram-negative bacilli (n: 9), Kingella kingae (n: 1) others (n: 6). In 4 cases, more than one microorganism was isolated. CA-MRSA infections were more serious. A decrease is observed in the number of CA-MRSA isolates. A fact to be highlighted is the impact of universal vaccination against S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae type b. It is a finding to be monitored the increasing number of Gram-negative bacilli isolates.