Weight gain since age of 20 as risk of metabolic syndrome even in non-overweight individuals

Purpose Metabolic syndrome (MetS), regardless of the presence of obesity, is known as a risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Weight gain after age 20 reported to be associated with these diseases. Impact of the difference between the body mass index (BMI) at examination and BMI at age 20 (ΔBMI exa−20y ) on MetS, especially in non-overweight individuals, remains to be elucidated. Methods We analyzed the data of 24,363 individuals (14,301 men and 10,062 women) in this cross-sectional study. The diagnosis of MetS was diagnosed when three or more of the following criteria were present: hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol level, and abdominal obesity. Logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for age, alcohol, smoking, exercise, and BMI at examination. Results Compared to the lowest ΔBMI exa−20y tertile (ΔBMI exa−20y