Human-induced Ecosystem and Landscape Processes Always Involve Soil Change

[...] cultivation and soil management have induced an erosional loss of topsoils at a rate exceeding the natural rate of soil formation-soil bodies form from bedrock, saprolite, and sedimentary materials over hundreds or thousands of years. Soil diversity Long-term field and laboratory experiments on soil organic carbon transformations and nutrient availability have therefore been at the center of soil-change research, but various regional and international organizations are now also promoting the study of other ecosystem services that may be affected by soil change.