Choices between Chinese and Western medicine in Hong Kong – interactions of institutional environment, health beliefs and treatment outcomes

Abstract Background About 15–20% of the general public in Hong Kong consult TCM practitioners. This study explored the decision making process involved in Hong Kong Chinese's choice between TCM and western medicine. Methods Eight focus group interviews (six to eight participants per group) and four individual interviews were conducted. Results The participants kept an “old fashioned” concept of TCM. Many saw TCM as a non-scientific practice and had stronger trust on the credibility of western medicine. Some participants, however, preferred the more personalized treatment approach of TCM. While western medicine was usually the initial choice, the participants were pragmatic to adopt TCM when they felt western medicine was not working, or to supplement the treatment. They were often referred by members of their social networks. Conclusion The public' perception of TCM lagged behind its actual development. Many TCM users are pragmatic users who learn through trial and error.