Combined effects of ionizing-irradiation and different environments on Clostridium botulinum type E spores
We examined the combined effects of γ-radiation (24 °C) on spores of Clostridium botulinum-type Eklund strain suspended in different gas-saturated Na-phosphate buffer in absence or presence of protectors or sensitizers. Response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to ascertain the effects of rad...
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creator | Lim, Y.H Hamdy, M.K Toledo, R.T |
description | We examined the combined effects of γ-radiation (24 °C) on spores of
Clostridium botulinum-type Eklund strain suspended in different gas-saturated Na-phosphate buffer in absence or presence of protectors or sensitizers. Response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to ascertain the effects of radiation on the recovery of spores using a medium containing various levels of NaCl or Na-thioglycollate. The former ( |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00156-9 |
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fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_19195378</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0168160503001569</els_id><sourcerecordid>19195378</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-f3809f1411947e074b9cc6df4fbe6fee9cdf1bbb49f7743d8fc3b604c919ee9d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkU1vFSEUhomxsdfqT9Cw0ehi9HBhPlg15qZakyZdqGvCwMGcZgauMNOk_npp741ddgMnh-eFkwfG3gj4JEB0n3_UZWhEB-0HkB8BRNs1-hnbiKHXjVQdPGeb_8gpe1nKDQC0UsILdipUt5VSiw272aV5pIieYwjolsJT4JQi_aX4u6GcrSe71Aa30XNPFcoYF47xlnKKc61rJPLdlMqSydM68zEt60SxVsvdHvkFL_uUsbxiJ8FOBV8f9zP26-vFz91lc3X97fvuy1Xj1Ha7NEEOoINQQmjVI_Rq1M51PqgwYhcQtfNBjOOodOh7Jf0QnBw7UE4LXU-9PGPvD_fuc_qzYlnMTMXhNNmIaS1GVLCV_VDB9gC6nErJGMw-02zznRFg7iWbB8nm3qABaR4kG11zb48PrOOM_jF1tFqBd0fAFmenkG10VB65tpUgoK_c-YHDquOWMJviCKNDT7n-hfGJnhjlH3rzm6A</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>19195378</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Combined effects of ionizing-irradiation and different environments on Clostridium botulinum type E spores</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Lim, Y.H ; Hamdy, M.K ; Toledo, R.T</creator><creatorcontrib>Lim, Y.H ; Hamdy, M.K ; Toledo, R.T</creatorcontrib><description>We examined the combined effects of γ-radiation (24 °C) on spores of
Clostridium botulinum-type Eklund strain suspended in different gas-saturated Na-phosphate buffer in absence or presence of protectors or sensitizers. Response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to ascertain the effects of radiation on the recovery of spores using a medium containing various levels of NaCl or Na-thioglycollate. The former (<0.5%) decreased viable spore counts, but the latter (0.15%) did not. Irradiation inactivation of Eklund spores was most effective in air-saturated buffers compared to N
2O and N
2 gas. The Na
2–EDTA (0.01 M) was the most efficient radioprotector of spores due to its reactivity toward hydroxy radicals, followed by
t-butanol (0.1 M) in NO
2 or N
2-saturated buffers, respectively. Catalase (10.0 mg ml
−1) and
dl-cysteine (0.1 mM) sensitized the spores during irradiated N
2O or N
2-saturated buffers, and NaCl (0.01 M) only sensitized spores in N
2 environment. Spores frozen at −75 °C for 30 days and thawed prior to use were more sensitive to radiation damage compared to freshly prepared spores. Glycerol (15%), in Na-phosphate buffer (pH 7.0, 0.06 M), protected Eklund spores and increased the number of spores from 10
6 to 10
11 colony forming unit (CFU) ml
−1, and enhanced their radiosensitivities. Seven strains of
C. botulinum type E were screened for plasmids and strain BL764 had two plasmids (15.8 and 46.8 mDa), BL4028 also had two (4.4 and 13.2 mDa), BL4850 contained only one (4.9 mDa), whereas EQA, BL211, Eklund, and Beluga had none. γ-Radiation (10 kGy, absorbed dose) cured the 15.8-mDa plasmid in strain BL764, but its absence yielded no changes in toxigenicity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0168-1605</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3460</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00156-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 14623391</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IJFMDD</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; C. botulinum ; Clostridium botulinum ; Clostridium botulinum - drug effects ; Clostridium botulinum - physiology ; Clostridium botulinum - radiation effects ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Culture Media - chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Food industries ; Food Irradiation ; Food microbiology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gamma Rays ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plasmid curing ; Radioprotector ; Radiosensitizers ; Sodium Chloride - pharmacology ; Spores, Bacterial - drug effects ; Spores, Bacterial - radiation effects ; Thioglycolates - pharmacology ; γ-Irradiation</subject><ispartof>International journal of food microbiology, 2003-12, Vol.89 (2), p.251-263</ispartof><rights>2003 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-f3809f1411947e074b9cc6df4fbe6fee9cdf1bbb49f7743d8fc3b604c919ee9d3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168160503001569$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15530107$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14623391$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lim, Y.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamdy, M.K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toledo, R.T</creatorcontrib><title>Combined effects of ionizing-irradiation and different environments on Clostridium botulinum type E spores</title><title>International journal of food microbiology</title><addtitle>Int J Food Microbiol</addtitle><description>We examined the combined effects of γ-radiation (24 °C) on spores of
Clostridium botulinum-type Eklund strain suspended in different gas-saturated Na-phosphate buffer in absence or presence of protectors or sensitizers. Response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to ascertain the effects of radiation on the recovery of spores using a medium containing various levels of NaCl or Na-thioglycollate. The former (<0.5%) decreased viable spore counts, but the latter (0.15%) did not. Irradiation inactivation of Eklund spores was most effective in air-saturated buffers compared to N
2O and N
2 gas. The Na
2–EDTA (0.01 M) was the most efficient radioprotector of spores due to its reactivity toward hydroxy radicals, followed by
t-butanol (0.1 M) in NO
2 or N
2-saturated buffers, respectively. Catalase (10.0 mg ml
−1) and
dl-cysteine (0.1 mM) sensitized the spores during irradiated N
2O or N
2-saturated buffers, and NaCl (0.01 M) only sensitized spores in N
2 environment. Spores frozen at −75 °C for 30 days and thawed prior to use were more sensitive to radiation damage compared to freshly prepared spores. Glycerol (15%), in Na-phosphate buffer (pH 7.0, 0.06 M), protected Eklund spores and increased the number of spores from 10
6 to 10
11 colony forming unit (CFU) ml
−1, and enhanced their radiosensitivities. Seven strains of
C. botulinum type E were screened for plasmids and strain BL764 had two plasmids (15.8 and 46.8 mDa), BL4028 also had two (4.4 and 13.2 mDa), BL4850 contained only one (4.9 mDa), whereas EQA, BL211, Eklund, and Beluga had none. γ-Radiation (10 kGy, absorbed dose) cured the 15.8-mDa plasmid in strain BL764, but its absence yielded no changes in toxigenicity.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>C. botulinum</subject><subject>Clostridium botulinum</subject><subject>Clostridium botulinum - drug effects</subject><subject>Clostridium botulinum - physiology</subject><subject>Clostridium botulinum - radiation effects</subject><subject>Colony Count, Microbial</subject><subject>Culture Media - chemistry</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Food Irradiation</subject><subject>Food microbiology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gamma Rays</subject><subject>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</subject><subject>Plasmid curing</subject><subject>Radioprotector</subject><subject>Radiosensitizers</subject><subject>Sodium Chloride - pharmacology</subject><subject>Spores, Bacterial - drug effects</subject><subject>Spores, Bacterial - radiation effects</subject><subject>Thioglycolates - pharmacology</subject><subject>γ-Irradiation</subject><issn>0168-1605</issn><issn>1879-3460</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1vFSEUhomxsdfqT9Cw0ehi9HBhPlg15qZakyZdqGvCwMGcZgauMNOk_npp741ddgMnh-eFkwfG3gj4JEB0n3_UZWhEB-0HkB8BRNs1-hnbiKHXjVQdPGeb_8gpe1nKDQC0UsILdipUt5VSiw272aV5pIieYwjolsJT4JQi_aX4u6GcrSe71Aa30XNPFcoYF47xlnKKc61rJPLdlMqSydM68zEt60SxVsvdHvkFL_uUsbxiJ8FOBV8f9zP26-vFz91lc3X97fvuy1Xj1Ha7NEEOoINQQmjVI_Rq1M51PqgwYhcQtfNBjOOodOh7Jf0QnBw7UE4LXU-9PGPvD_fuc_qzYlnMTMXhNNmIaS1GVLCV_VDB9gC6nErJGMw-02zznRFg7iWbB8nm3qABaR4kG11zb48PrOOM_jF1tFqBd0fAFmenkG10VB65tpUgoK_c-YHDquOWMJviCKNDT7n-hfGJnhjlH3rzm6A</recordid><startdate>20031231</startdate><enddate>20031231</enddate><creator>Lim, Y.H</creator><creator>Hamdy, M.K</creator><creator>Toledo, R.T</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20031231</creationdate><title>Combined effects of ionizing-irradiation and different environments on Clostridium botulinum type E spores</title><author>Lim, Y.H ; Hamdy, M.K ; Toledo, R.T</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-f3809f1411947e074b9cc6df4fbe6fee9cdf1bbb49f7743d8fc3b604c919ee9d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>C. botulinum</topic><topic>Clostridium botulinum</topic><topic>Clostridium botulinum - drug effects</topic><topic>Clostridium botulinum - physiology</topic><topic>Clostridium botulinum - radiation effects</topic><topic>Colony Count, Microbial</topic><topic>Culture Media - chemistry</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Food Irradiation</topic><topic>Food microbiology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gamma Rays</topic><topic>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</topic><topic>Plasmid curing</topic><topic>Radioprotector</topic><topic>Radiosensitizers</topic><topic>Sodium Chloride - pharmacology</topic><topic>Spores, Bacterial - drug effects</topic><topic>Spores, Bacterial - radiation effects</topic><topic>Thioglycolates - pharmacology</topic><topic>γ-Irradiation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lim, Y.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamdy, M.K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toledo, R.T</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>International journal of food microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lim, Y.H</au><au>Hamdy, M.K</au><au>Toledo, R.T</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Combined effects of ionizing-irradiation and different environments on Clostridium botulinum type E spores</atitle><jtitle>International journal of food microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Food Microbiol</addtitle><date>2003-12-31</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>89</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>251</spage><epage>263</epage><pages>251-263</pages><issn>0168-1605</issn><eissn>1879-3460</eissn><coden>IJFMDD</coden><abstract>We examined the combined effects of γ-radiation (24 °C) on spores of
Clostridium botulinum-type Eklund strain suspended in different gas-saturated Na-phosphate buffer in absence or presence of protectors or sensitizers. Response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to ascertain the effects of radiation on the recovery of spores using a medium containing various levels of NaCl or Na-thioglycollate. The former (<0.5%) decreased viable spore counts, but the latter (0.15%) did not. Irradiation inactivation of Eklund spores was most effective in air-saturated buffers compared to N
2O and N
2 gas. The Na
2–EDTA (0.01 M) was the most efficient radioprotector of spores due to its reactivity toward hydroxy radicals, followed by
t-butanol (0.1 M) in NO
2 or N
2-saturated buffers, respectively. Catalase (10.0 mg ml
−1) and
dl-cysteine (0.1 mM) sensitized the spores during irradiated N
2O or N
2-saturated buffers, and NaCl (0.01 M) only sensitized spores in N
2 environment. Spores frozen at −75 °C for 30 days and thawed prior to use were more sensitive to radiation damage compared to freshly prepared spores. Glycerol (15%), in Na-phosphate buffer (pH 7.0, 0.06 M), protected Eklund spores and increased the number of spores from 10
6 to 10
11 colony forming unit (CFU) ml
−1, and enhanced their radiosensitivities. Seven strains of
C. botulinum type E were screened for plasmids and strain BL764 had two plasmids (15.8 and 46.8 mDa), BL4028 also had two (4.4 and 13.2 mDa), BL4850 contained only one (4.9 mDa), whereas EQA, BL211, Eklund, and Beluga had none. γ-Radiation (10 kGy, absorbed dose) cured the 15.8-mDa plasmid in strain BL764, but its absence yielded no changes in toxigenicity.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>14623391</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00156-9</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Biological and medical sciences C. botulinum Clostridium botulinum Clostridium botulinum - drug effects Clostridium botulinum - physiology Clostridium botulinum - radiation effects Colony Count, Microbial Culture Media - chemistry Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation Food industries Food Irradiation Food microbiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gamma Rays Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Plasmid curing Radioprotector Radiosensitizers Sodium Chloride - pharmacology Spores, Bacterial - drug effects Spores, Bacterial - radiation effects Thioglycolates - pharmacology γ-Irradiation |
title | Combined effects of ionizing-irradiation and different environments on Clostridium botulinum type E spores |
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