Usefulness of conventional and low-dose hydro-CT in the diagnosis of gastric tumors in comparison to endoscopy

Abstract Purpose The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the usefulness of hydro-CT in the diagnosis of gastric tumors in comparison to endoscopy. Material and Methods The study involved 40 patients with a diagnosis of gastric tumor established by histopathology who underwent endoscopy and conventional or low-dose hydro-CT. Hydro-CT images were retrospectively analyzed based on the consensus of two radiologists who were blinded to the endoscopy findings. The diagnostic accuracy of hydro-CT and endoscopy for the diagnosis of gastric tumors was evaluated using the results of the histopathological examination as the reference standard. Results Histopathology confirmed the presence of gastric cancer in 28 patients (70%), while gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) were recognized in the remaining 12 cases (30%). Correct diagnoses of the type of gastric tumor in hydro-CT were obtained in 37 patients (92.5%). This was not significantly different from the 85% accuracy of endoscopy. Further analysis showed that the correctness of GIST diagnosis in endoscopy and hydro-CT also did not differ significantly (91.7% and 100% respectively). The percentage of correctly diagnosed malignant lesions in hydro-CT was lower than for GISTs at 89.29%, while in endoscopy it was insignificantly lower (82.14%). The diagnostic accuracy of conventional and low-dose hydro-CT in the diagnosis of gastric tumors (95% and 90% respectively) was not significantly different. Conclusions Conventional and low-dose hydro-CT may be a valuable non-invasive diagnostic method in the diagnosis of gastric tumors for patients who have contraindications to endoscopy or who are unable to undergo gastric biopsy.