Temperate Performance Benefits after Heat, but Not Combined Heat and Hypoxic Training

PURPOSEIndependent heat and hypoxic exposure can enhance temperate endurance performance in trained athletes, although their combined effects remain unknown. This study examined whether the addition of heat interval training during “live high, train low” (LHTL) hypoxic exposure would result in enhanced performance and physiological adaptations as compared with heat or temperate training. METHODSTwenty-six well-trained runners completed 3 wk of interval training assigned to one of three conditions1) LHTL hypoxic exposure plus heat training (H + H; 3000 m for 13 h·d, train at 33°C, 60% relative humidity [RH]), 2) heat training with no hypoxic exposure (HOT, live at