Hypoxic preconditioning of myoblasts implanted in a tissue engineering chamber significantly increases local angiogenesis via upregulation of myoblast vascular endothelial growth factor‐A expression and downregulation of miRNA‐1, miRNA‐206 and angiopoietin‐1

Vascularization is a major hurdle for growing three‐dimensional tissue engineered constructs. This study investigated the mechanisms involved in hypoxic preconditioning of primary rat myoblasts in vitro and their influence on local angiogenesis postimplantation. Primary rat myoblast cultures were exposed to 90 min hypoxia at