The frequency of acute kidney injury in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated with sofosbuvir‐based regimens

Summary Background Guidelines recommend withholding sofosbuvir (SOF) in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 30 mL/min. Aim To assess the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with no renal contraindications for SOF‐based treatment. Methods This multicenter retrospective observational study included all consecutive patients that were treated with SOF‐based or telaprevir/boceprevir (TVR/BOC)‐based regimens at two tertiary university centers in North America. AKI was defined as an increase of ≥0.3 mg/dL (≥26.5 μmol/L) in serum creatinine level. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for the occurrence of AKI. Results In total, 426 patients were included and treated with a SOF‐based regimen (n=233, 54.7%) or TVR/BOC‐based regimen (n=193, 45.3%). Among patients treated with a TVR/BOC‐based regimen 34 (18%) of 193 patients experienced AKI compared to 26 (11%) of 233 patients treated with SOF‐based regimens (P=.056). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of ascites (OR: 4.44, 95%CI: 1.46‐13.54, P=.009) and the use of NSAIDs (OR: 4.47, 95%CI: 1.32‐15.19, P=.016) were associated with a risk of AKI during SOF‐based antiviral therapy. Creatinine levels returned to normal at end of follow‐up in 23 (88%) of the 26 patients who experienced AKI with a SOF‐based regimen and had a creatinine level available during follow‐up. Conclusions Although the risk for AKI was lower than for patients treated with TVR/BOC‐based regimens, AKI was seen during 11% of SOF‐based regimens and was mostly reversible. Patients with ascites and patients using NSAIDs have an increased risk for AKI during SOF‐based antiviral therapy. Linked ContentThis article is linked to Maan et al, and Hussaini and Yoshida papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14187 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14161.