Benign intraperitoneal metastatic leiomyomatosis: A case report

Benign intraperitoneal metastatic leiomyomatosis is a rare benign disease that is observed when a leiomyoma is present in the peritoneal surface. Women who have undergone hysterectomy for leiomyomas are most commonly affected. Patients are usually asymptomatic at presentation, being frequently an incidental finding in imaging studies. Ultrasound and CT play an important role in the diagnosis. The lesions are histologically identical to their uterine counterparts. There are different theories about the pathogenesis of the disease, including peritoneal seeding after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Others support the hypothesis of multiple independent foci of smooth muscle proliferation. Treatment, as in uterine leiomyomatosis, is generally conservative. We report a 53-year-old hysterectomized woman with intraperitoneal leiomyomas detected in a routine physical examination as mobile abdominal masses who underwent successful laparoscopic resection.