The death of the circulatory system diseases in China: provincial socioeconomic and environmental perspective

Few studies have explored the association between circulatory system diseases (CSDs) and provincial socioeconomic and environmental factors from spatial perspective, although large literature have focused on CSD. The numbers of death of hypertension disease (HD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) are investigated, and 14 representative socioeconomic and environmental factors are collected. Stepwise regression model (SRM) and geographically weighted regression model (GWRM) are applied to determine the spatial correlation between the number of death of those diseases and selected factors. The results are the following: (1) diseases exhibit a pattern of zonal distribution. Higher HD is mostly distributed in south district, whereas higher IHD and CVD are observed in the north area. (2) SO 2 emission amount (SO 2 EA) is significantly positively related with HD, while coal consumption (CC) and PM 2.5 are notably positively correlated with IHD and CVD. (3) A 10,000 tons increase in SO 2 EA results in three increases in the numbers of death of HD. For every 100 ten thousand tons (TTTs) increase in CC, the death of IHD and CVD increases by 11.1 and 15.7, while for every 1 μg/m 3 increase in ambient PM 2.5 concentration, the numbers of death of IHD and CVD increase by 34.773 and 43.222, respectively. (4) Our findings show that there exist spatial differences for SO 2 EA, CC, and PM 2.5 influencing HD, IHD, and CVD. This study is expected to provide a reference for HD, IHD, and CVD control in different regions.