Subsequent malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

We evaluated 979 patients for the development of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) and solid malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (allo‐HSCT) as a late complication. We found 15 (1.5%) subsequent malignancies; three of these malignancies were PTLD, and twelve were solid tumors. The median time from allo‐HSCT to the development of PTLD was 9 (3‐20) months and that from allo‐HSCT to the development of solid tumors was 93 (6‐316) months. The cumulative incidence of evolving subsequent malignancy in patients was 1.3% (±0.5 SE) at 5 years and 3.9% (±1.2 SE) at 10 years. The cumulative incidence of developing subsequent malignancy in patients with benign hematological diseases as the transplant indication was 7.4%±4.2 SE at 5 years. More subsequent malignancy developed in patients having ≥1 year chronic graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD; 3.7% in ≥1 year chronic GVHD and 0.7% in