Mass cultivation of seaweeds: current aspects and approaches

An introductory overview is presented of the contemporary state of efforts around the globe aimed at the mass cultivation of seaweeds. The total annual commercial production of fish, crustaceans, and molluscs is estimated at 120 10 super(6) t, of which roughly a third is derived from aquacultural activities. Total annual global production of seaweeds is estimated at 10 10 super(6) t wet weight. Most of the commercially produced seaweed is derived from culture-based systems. The most commonly grown and utilized type of seaweed is the kelp Laminaria japonica. Most cultivation of this kelp occurs in China. The advantages and drawbacks of diverse cultivation methods are detailed, including rope culture in the sea, and seaweed tank cultures maintained on land.