Comparison of phytohormone levels and transcript profiles during seasonal dormancy transitions in underground adventitious buds of leafy spurge

Leafy spurge ( Euphorbia esula L.) is an herbaceous perennial weed that maintains its perennial growth habit through generation of underground adventitious buds (UABs) on the crown and lateral roots. These UABs undergo seasonal phases of dormancy under natural conditions, namely para-, endo-, and ec...

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Veröffentlicht in:Plant molecular biology 2017-06, Vol.94 (3), p.281-302
Hauptverfasser: Chao, Wun S., Doğramacı, Münevver, Horvath, David P., Anderson, James V., Foley, Michael E.
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container_issue 3
container_start_page 281
container_title Plant molecular biology
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creator Chao, Wun S.
Doğramacı, Münevver
Horvath, David P.
Anderson, James V.
Foley, Michael E.
description Leafy spurge ( Euphorbia esula L.) is an herbaceous perennial weed that maintains its perennial growth habit through generation of underground adventitious buds (UABs) on the crown and lateral roots. These UABs undergo seasonal phases of dormancy under natural conditions, namely para-, endo-, and ecodormancy in summer, fall, and winter, respectively. These dormancy phases can also be induced in growth chambers by manipulating photoperiod and temperature. In this study, UABs induced into the three phases of dormancy under controlled conditions were used to compare changes in phytohormone and transcriptome profiles. Results indicated that relatively high levels of ABA, the ABA metabolite PA, and IAA were found in paradormant buds. When UABs transitioned from para- to endodormancy, ABA and PA levels decreased, whereas IAA levels were maintained. Additionally, transcript profiles associated with regulation of soluble sugars and ethylene activities were also increased during para- to endodormancy transition, which may play some role in maintaining endodormancy status. When crown buds transitioned from endo- to ecodormancy, the ABA metabolites PA and DPA decreased significantly along with the down-regulation of ABA biosynthesis genes, ABA2 and NCED3 . IAA levels were also significantly lower in ecodormant buds than that of endodormant buds. We hypothesize that extended cold treatment may trigger physiological stress in endodormant buds, and that these stress-associated signals induced the endo- to ecodormancy transition and growth competence. The up-regulation of NAD/NADH phosphorylation and dephosphorylation pathway, and MAF3 -like and GRF s genes, may be considered as markers of growth competency.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11103-017-0607-7
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subjects Abscisic acid
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biosynthesis
Buds
Cold treatment
Comparative studies
Controlled conditions
Dephosphorylation
Dormancy
Ethylene
Euphorbia - physiology
Flowers & plants
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - physiology
Gene regulation
Genes
Growth chambers
Hormones
Life Sciences
Metabolites
NAD
NADH
Phosphorylation
Phytohormones
Plant Dormancy - physiology
Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism
Plant hormones
Plant Pathology
Plant Proteins - genetics
Plant Proteins - metabolism
Plant Sciences
Seasons
Stress (physiology)
Sugar
Temperature effects
Transcription
Transcriptome
Trees
title Comparison of phytohormone levels and transcript profiles during seasonal dormancy transitions in underground adventitious buds of leafy spurge
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