Microbial production, ultrasound-assisted extraction and characterization of biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from terrestrial (P. hysterophorus) and aquatic (E. crassipes) invasive weeds

[Display omitted] •Synthesis of PHB from two invasive weeds, viz. P. hysterophorus and E. crassipes.•Separate fermentation of pentose and hexose-rich hydrolyzates by Ralstonia eutropha.•PHB content of dry cell mass=8.1–21.6% w/w.•PHB yield=6.85×10−3–36.41×10−3% w/w raw biomass.•Glass transition temp.=−9° to 9°C, maximum thermal degradation temp.=370° to 389°C. This study reports synthesis of biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) polymer from two invasive weeds, viz. P. hysterophorus and E. crassipes. The pentose and hexose-rich hydrolyzates obtained from acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of two biomasses were separately fermented using Ralstonia eutropha MTCC 8320 sp. PHB was extracted using sonication and was characterized using FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR and XRD. PHB content of dry cell mass was 8.1–21.6% w/w, and the PHB yield was 6.85×10−3–36.41×10−3% w/w raw biomass. Thermal properties of PHB were determined by TGA, DTG and DSC analysis. PHB obtained from pentose-hydrolyzate had glass transition temperatures of 6°–9°C, while PHB from hexose-rich hydrolyzate had maximum thermal degradation temperatures of 370°–389°C. These thermal properties were comparable to the properties of commercial PHB. Probable causes leading to differences in thermal properties of pentose and hexose-derived PHB are: extent of crystallinity and presence of impurity in the polymer matrix.